Types and Main Symptoms of Leukemia

Types and Main Symptoms of Leukemia

Leukemia is a type of blood cancer that may range in severity and may be either slow-progressing or acute, which means it progresses and spreads rapidly. While some forms of leukemia are more prevalent in children, some affect adults more. All types of the disease have specific signs that manifest, and knowing the symptoms of different types of leukemia helps make diagnosis and treatment of the condition easier and more effectively. Here are the symptoms of 5 types of leukemia:

  • Acute lymphocytic leukemia
    When the B or T lymphocytes, a type of white blood cells in the liver, lymph nodes, or spleen, get corrupted, this type of leukemia occurs. It mainly affects the bone marrow, and patients of this type of leukemia look paler than before and frequent bruises appear on their bodies. Additionally, organs like livers, lymph nodes in the groin, neck, or underarm areas, as well as spleens, look inflated. They also feel easily tired, fall ill often, and lose their appetite.
  • Acute myeloid leukemia
    Acute myeloid leukemia is a fast-growing and commonly found form of leukemia that affects the myeloid cells in the bone marrow. The affected cells can turn into irregular platelets or white or red blood cells. The symptoms of different types of leukemia differ, and acute myeloid leukemia manifests symptoms like fever, weight loss due to lack of appetite, tiredness and bone pain, bleeding from gums or nose without a cause, developing bruised easily, and unnatural spotting on the skin, to name a few. Signs of this type of leukemia are visible mainly in adults
  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    The symptoms of this type of leukemia can sometimes be very subtle and may take time to manifest. This type develops in the B lymphocytes and affects their ability to produce antibodies, making the patient susceptible to infections. In some cases, it leads to an autoimmune reaction that attacks healthy cells. The symptoms include tiredness and fever, reduced immunity resulting in higher chances of developing infections, lymph nodes appearing swollen, weight loss, and night sweats. Patients may also experience pain on the left side of the upper abdomen caused by an enlarged spleen.
  • Chronic myeloid leukemia
    Of the different types of leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia accounts for about 10% of all cases of the disease. This type of leukemia is found in the myeloid cells in the bloodstream, and the symptoms can usually be noticed only in the later stages of cancer, like extreme tiredness, night sweats, pallor, weight loss, abdominal inflammation, bruises, and shortness of breath.
  • Hairy cell leukemia
    The symptoms of some of the different types of leukemia, like hairy cell leukemia, are not very prominent, which makes diagnosis very difficult. It is a rare kind and affects men more than women. People suffering from this type of leukemia may feel weak and tired even while doing everyday actions. Their lymph nodes are enlarged and small spots appear all over the body. Patients also experience weight loss and shortness of breath, and they also develop frequent infections.